Sherlock Episode 2.02 – The Hounds Of Baskerville《神探夏洛克》第二季第2集：巴斯克維爾的獵犬

Sherlock’s most famous case. Something terrible has happened to Henry Knight. Sherlock and John investigate the truth about the monstrous creature which apparently killed their client’s father. 這是夏洛克最有名的一個案子。Henry騎士發生了一件很嚇人的事情。Sherlock和John受雇揭露這個案子的真相，查出誰是殺了他們客戶父親的兇手。

《神探夏洛克》Sherlock 第二季終于在大家苦苦等待中開播了。片頭接著上季結尾福爾摩斯和莫里亞蒂的泳池對決繼續，在兩邊都很緊張的階段，莫里亞蒂教授的手機忽然想起，那迪斯科風格的鈴聲在這時候總有些喜感。這首歌名叫Staying alive，由Bee Gees演唱。也許這歌名也預示著這一集兩個人都會staying alive吧。

stayin aliveArtist: Bee Gees

Well, you can tell by the way I use my walk,I'm a woman's man: no time to talk.Music loud and women warm, I've been kicked aroundsince I was born.and now it's all right. it's ok.and you may look the other way.we can try to understandthe new york times' effect on man.whether you're a brother or whether you're a mother,you're stayin' alive, stayin' alive.feel the city breakin' and everybody shakin',and we're stayin' alive, stayin' alive.ah, ha, ha, ha, stayin' alive, stayin' alive.ah, ha, ha, ha, stayin' alive.well now, I get low and i get high,and if I can't get either, I really try.got the wings of heaven on my shoes.I'm a dancin' man and I just can't lose.you know it's all right. it's ok.I'll live to see another day.we can try to understandthe new york times' effect on man.whether you're a brother or whether you're a mother,you're stayin' alive, stayin' alive.feel the city breakin' and everybody shakin',and we're stayin' alive, stayin' alive.ah, ha, ha, ha, stayin' alive, stayin' alive.ah, ha, ha, ha, stayin' alive.life goin' nowhere. somebody help me.somebody help me, yeah.life goin' nowhere. somebody help me.somebody help me, yeah. stayin' alive.well, you can tell by the way I use my walk,I'm a woman's man: no time to talk.music loud and women warm,I've been kicked around since I was born.and now it's all right. it's ok.and you may look the other way.we can try to understandthe new york times' effect on man.whether you're a brother or whether you're a mother,you're stayin' alive, stayin' alive.feel the city breakin' and everybody shakin',and we're stayin' alive, stayin' alive.ah, ha, ha, ha, stayin' alive, stayin' alive.ah, ha, ha, ha, stayin' alive.life goin' nowhere. somebody help me.somebody help me, yeah.life goin' nowhere. somebody help me, yeah.I'm stayin' alive. 

【劇情簡介】

兩位奧斯卡金像級大導演－雷德利·斯科特和凱文·麥克唐納－聯同全球最大影片分享網站YouTube破天荒合作，并得全球網民掌鏡，在2010年7月24日，以「愛」和「恐懼」為題，集體創作了愈80,000段，共4,500小時的影片。當中影片來自世界各地、人、事，并演繹了不同的人活在2010.7.24這一天，那許多滿載悲喜，失落與幸褔的故事：從繁華的大城巿到素被世人遺忘的鄉野、從駕名車的富豪到街邊的擦鞋童、從寄人籬下的生活到色彩繽紛的狂歡世界，影像情感豐富，極具感染力。

這部影片的主演，亦是，您。

這里為大家選取了影片中一個15歲的正太第一次刮胡子的經歷，讓我們在對正太的疼惜中學習實用英語吧~！

【電影片段臺詞】

Today we're gonna videotape Sasha doing his first-ever shave.

First thing Sasha's gonna do is get the water hot.

For the,er,hot cloth that you're gonna put on your face.

Yes.So it'll warm up your face and moisturise your skin.

Dose he have like a nice warm face now?

-It's always been hot! -Whatever you say there,dude.

I think we should probably do a close-up of those whiskers.

You need to,like,really lather it up.

OK,I don't think you need to put it on your nose.

A five-blade razor which we got as a sample.

Is it time? Go ahead.

OK,you're shaving for me.This is embarrassing.

-I'm bleeding. -Don't worry,you will survive it.

This is torture.

Yes. It'll sting for a little while.

All right, dry yourself off and let's take a look at the nice,clean shave.

Good job,buddy.Here's what we do.

See,and it stick to the bloody part.

And voila? He's done.

【重點詞匯講解】

1.You need to,like,really lather it up.  你要，像這樣，全部涂上泡沫。

lather 起泡沫 常用的搭配是 lather up     

e.g. A loofa helps the shower gel lather up. 把沐浴露擠到海綿上可以搓起很多泡沫。

2.Is it time? Go ahead.  是時候了嗎？開始吧。

It is time to do sth. / for doing sth.   是時候該做某事了。

go ahead   往前走，繼續，進展，進步    【想必口語熟練的大家已經很熟悉

3.All right, dry yourself off and let's take a look at the nice,clean shave.  好了，把臉擦干，讓我們來看看擦干凈的帥臉。

dry off  使水分干

e.g. The paint should have dried off by this time tomorrow. 油漆到明天這個時候就應該已經干了。

4.stick to  [1] 粘在…上，附著于 [2] 堅持，遵守

stick to doing sth. 堅持做某事

節選臺詞：

Black Panther: Let me tell you something else. We are here to offer protect and help to all those who need our help because we, the Black Panthers, are against the war in Vietnam. Yes, we are against any war where black soldiers are sent to the front-line to die for a country that hates them. Yes, we are against any war where black soldiers go to fight and come to be brutalized and killed in their own communities as they sleep in their beds at night. Yes, we are against....

Westley: I shouldn’t have brought you here. I should have known it was just going to be some bullshit hassle.

Gump: He should not be hitting you, Jenny.

Jenny: Come on, Forrest.

Gump: Sorry, I had a fight in the middle of your Black Panther Party.

Jenny: He doesn’t mean it when he does things like this.

Gump: I would never hurt you, Jenny.

Jenny: I know you wouldn’t, Forrest.

Gump: I wanted to be your boyfriend.

Jenny: That uniform is a trip, Forrest. You look handsome in it! You do.

Gump: You know what?

Jenny: What?

Gump: I’m glad we are here together in our nation’s capital.

Jenny: Me too, Forrest.

Forrest: We walked around all night, Jenny and me, just talkin’. She told me about all the traveling she’d done. How she discovered ways to expand her mind and learn how to live in harmony, which must be out west somewhere ‘cause she made it all the way to California.

Boy: Hey, anybody want to go to San Francisco?

Jenny: I’ll go.

Forrest: It was a very special night for the two of us. I didn’t want it to end.

Gump: I wish you wouldn’t go, Jenny.

Jenny: I have to, Forrest.

Westley: Jenny, things got a little out of hand. It’s just this war and that lying son-of-a-bitch Johnson. I would never hurt you. You know that.

Gump: You know what I think. I think you should go home to Greenbow, Alabama!

Jenny: Forrest，we have very different lives，you know.

Gump: I want you to have this.

Jenny: Forrest, I can’t keep this.

Gump: I got it just by doing what you told me to do.

Jenny: Why are you so good to me?

Gump: You’re my girl.

Jenny: I’ll always be your girl.

Forrest: And just like that, she was gone，out of my life again.

Neil Armstrong : That’s one small step for a man, a giant leap for mankind...

Forrest: I thought I was going back to Vietnam but instead they decided the best way for me to fight the communists was to play Ping-pong. So I was in the special services, traveling around the country, cheering up all those wounded veterans and showin’ how to play Ping-pong. I was so good that some years later, the army decide that I should be on the All-American Ping-pong Team. I was the first American to visit the land of China in like a million years or something like that. Somebody said world peace was in our hands. But all I did was to play Ping-pong. When I got home, I was a national celebrity. Famouser even than Captain Kangaroo.

重點語匯：

失去控制

例如：At first it was only horseplay but it soon got out of hand and developed into full-scale fight.

開始那只是喧鬧的嬉戲，可是很快就失去了控制，發展成了全面的斗毆。

經典句型：

有沒有人想去三藩市？

我們大家熟悉的句型是：Does anybody want to go to San Francisco? 在口語表達中，語言并非一成不變地循規蹈矩，否則給人的感覺太死板。因此我們要熟悉和使用通過升調將一般陳述句變為疑問句的用法，這在美語中常見，見到這樣的句子，就模仿電影中地道的語氣，找到說話的語感。這有助于表達輕松、自然的人際關系。

1. Anything wrong with this machine? 這架機器出了什么毛病？

2. Anything else to say? 還有什么可說的么？

3. Anyone else wants a ticket? 還有人要票嗎？

4. Something new? 有什么新貨？

文化面面觀

當阿甘再一次向詹妮表白心意的時候，詹妮又一次拒絕了阿甘。現在的詹妮已經在社會上闖蕩了很久，知道得到一個人的關愛是多么的彌足珍貴，尤其阿甘這樣執著、這樣一往情深地愛著她，更令詹妮感動。可是，詹妮明白自己和阿甘選擇了兩條截然不同的人生之路，面對阿甘的表白，她只好顧左右而言他，用最委婉的語言表達自己的拒絕。大家還記得阿甘第一次向詹妮說“我愛你”的時候，換來的是一句斬釘截鐵的“You don’t know what love is.”，可見隨著歲月的流逝，詹妮已經學會了尊重別人。這種委婉的拒絕方式大家在和老外接觸時應多加小心。語言往往是一個人的生活狀態的最佳載體，詹妮說的“trip”，原意指的是吸食致幻藥物，如 LSD后產生的刺激性的體驗。這里是說阿甘穿著軍裝簡直酷斃了，這當然是癮君子們的用語，其實大家可以從詹妮典型的嬉皮士的發型，著裝和生活方式中看出，詹妮已然和毒品沾邊了。她一貫的叛逆和不甘平庸卻又一次把 她帶向了迷茫與墮落。詹妮的生活其實就是美國叛逆一代的集中寫照。

阿甘將自己冒生命之險得到的國會勛章贈予詹妮，心中不存任何非分之想，只因為他早就認定了詹妮是自己注定應該善待的女孩，因此對她的所有付出都不求回報。情到深處，一切盡在不言中，大家可以看到阿甘對詹妮所使用的語言極為簡潔，但是對于懂得愛的真諦的人來說，卻是感人至深。詹妮至今還不明白阿甘的一番深情，而阿甘的回答樸素、自然，有的如甘醇如美酒，有的愛濃郁如咖啡，而阿甘對詹妮的愛更如一掬清泉，歷經風雨洗禮，歲月沉淀，卻依舊涓涓不息，清澈見底。

節選臺詞：

Newsman: The ceremony was kicked off with a candid speech by the president, regarding the need for further escalation of the War in Vietnam. President Johnson awarded for medals of honor to men from each of the armed services.

Johnson: America owes you a debt of gratitude, son. I understand you were wounded. Where were you hit?

Gump: In the buttocks, sir.

Johnson: That must be a sight. I’d kinda like to see that. ... Goddamn, son.

Forrest: After that, mama went to a hotel to lay down, so I went out for a walk to see our nation’s capital. It’s a good thing mama was restin’ ‘ cause the streets were awfully crowded with people looking at all the statues and monuments and some of them people were loud and pushy. Everywhere I went, I had to stand in line.

President: Hey, you’re a good man for doing this. Do it!

Forrest: There was this man givin’ a little talk, now for some reason, he was wearing an American flag for a shirt. And he liked to say the F word a lot. F this and F that. And every time he said the F word, people for some reason, well, they cheered.

Proester: Yeah! Yeah! Come on, man. Come up there. Tell us a little bit about the war, man.

Gump: The war in Vietnam?

Proteser: The war in Viet-Fuckin’-Nam!

Forrest: There was only one thing I could say about the war in Vietnam.

Gump: Well, there’s only one thing I can say about the war in Vietnam. In Vietnam ...

Protester: Christ, what did he do with this?!

Man in crowd: We can’t hear you! We can’t hear anything! Speak up!

Gump: .... and that’s all I have to say about that.

Protester: That’s so .Right on, man. You said it all.What’s your name, man?

Gump: My name is Forrest. Forrest Gump.

Protester: Forrest Gump.

Jenny: Forrest! Forrest!

Gump: Jenny!

Forrest: It was the happiest moment of my life. Jenny and me was just like peas and carrots again. She showed me around and even introduced me to some of her new friends.

Black Panther: Shut that blind, man. And get your white ass away from that window. Don’t you know we in a war here.

Jenny: He’s cool. He’s cool. He’s one of us.

Black Panther: Let me tell you about “us”. Our purpose here is to protect our black leaders from the racial onslaught of the pig who used to brutalize our black leaders, rape our women and destroy our black communities.

Westley: Who’s the baby-killer?

Jenny: This is my good friend I told you about. This is Forrest Gump. Forrest, this is Westley. Westley and I lived together in Berkeley. He’s the president of the Berkeley chapter of SDS.

重點語匯：

kick off

The ceremony was kicked off with a candid speech by the president. 頒獎儀式以總統發表坦白聲明而開始。

1.開球

比賽三點鐘開始。

2. 開始，引起

音樂會以一首民歌拉開了序幕。

3. 出發

你準備好出發了么？

句型解析：

老媽回去休息了，真是明智。因為街上擠滿了人。

口語當中最高頻使用的句型往往都是最簡潔的句子。像本句，當我們要表達生活中的小感動、小感慨時， “It’s a good thing”這樣的句型是非常達意的，再如：

1. It’s a good thing that you are here for the ceremony. 你能來參加這個儀式實在太好了。

2. It’s a wonderful thing to have so many devoted friends. 有這么多鐵哥們兒真是一件幸事。

3. It’s a big thing to have you home for Christmas. 你能回家來過圣誕實在太棒了。

文化面面觀

六十年代的美國自從卷入越戰之后，國內的反戰呼聲就從未停止過，反戰的主流尤其以青年學生為代表。某些美國大兵在越南胡作非為，甚至會傷害手無寸鐵的無辜平民，引起最大轟動的是 1968年美國大兵們在美萊的大屠殺。他們的所作所為傳回到美國本土后，更是激起了民眾的震驚和學生們的新一輪反戰高潮， 阿甘在華盛頓的林肯紀念堂前所看到的就是一次大規模的反戰抗議活動。作為學運反戰領袖的Westly自然對正在服役的阿甘充滿敵意，因此故意叫他“屠殺嬰兒的人”，實際上是一種挑釁，罵阿甘是一個殺人如麻的劊子手。

Zoe Saldana has played an action hero on the big screen – and this week she played a hero in real life.

The Avatar star, 33, rushed to the aid of an elderly woman who had reportedly gotten into a car accident in Culver City, Calif., on Wednesday.

"Zoe witnessed the car accident, and was very quick to help," says an onlooker. She "immediately got on the phone with 911 and she seemed very concerned."

Saldana and another passerby transported the woman – who was conscious but injured – from her car to the curb. There they called 911 and waited for police and paramedic attention on the scene.

The onlooker adds: "While waiting for help to arrive, Zoe returned to the woman's car and picked up the woman's handbag and sweater. Zoe was very caring and sweet to the woman." 

娛樂快訊：《阿凡達》女主角佐伊·索爾達娜在大熒幕上經常扮演女英雄，這回她在現實生活中做了回真正的英雄。昨日，佐伊在美國加州目擊一場車禍。她立即打電話報警并與另一名路過的目擊者一同將受傷老婦人抬到路邊，好在老婦人還算清醒，只是受了皮外傷。對于這樣的義舉佐伊沒有發表任何申明。看來這位女明星是典型的做了好事不留名的好同志！對于佐伊來說，也許這并不是什么義舉，只是每一個有良知的都應該做的事情。明星也是老百姓，佐伊只是做了應該做的事情。但是希望佐伊的明星光環以及她做的好事，她的行為能夠成為更多人帶來好的影響。

 本書簡介：《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫給自己的書，內容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫成的。作品來自奧勒留對身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學派的一個里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書。本書原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》 作者簡介：馬可•奧勒留，著名的“帝王哲學家”，古羅馬帝國皇帝，在希臘文學和拉丁文學、修辭、哲學、法律、繪畫方面受過很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學家皇帝。他是一個比他的帝國更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。

卷五055.9 Reason and the reasoning art are powers which are sufficient for themselves and for their own works. They move then from a first principle which is their own, and they make their way to the end which is proposed to them; and this is the reason why such acts are named catorthoseis or right acts, which word signifies that they proceed by the right road.

 Notes：catorthoseis 詞典中似乎沒有這個詞，不過不妨礙我們理解其意思，就是“right acts”。

5.9 None of these things ought to be called a man's, which do not belong to a man, as man. They are not required of a man, nor does man's nature promise them, nor are they the means of man's nature attaining its end. Neither then does the end of man lie in these things, nor yet that which aids to the accomplishment of this end, and that which aids towards this end is that which is good. Besides, if any of these things did belong to man, it would not be right for a man to despise them and to set himself against them; nor would a man be worthy of praise who showed that he did not want these things, nor would he who stinted himself in any of them be good, if indeed these things were good. But now the more of these things a man deprives himself of, or of other things like them, or even when he is deprived of any of them, the more patiently he endures the loss, just in the same degree he is a better man.

 Notes： [v]~ somebody/something : to dislike and have no respect for somebody/somethingThese words all mean to have a strong feeling of dislike for somebody/something. to have a strong feeling of dislike for somebody/something. Although hate is generally a very strong verb, it is also commonly used in spoken or informal English to talk about people or things that you dislike in a less important way, for example a particular type of food: He hates violence in any form. ◇ I've always hated cabbage. to not like somebody/something. Dislike is a rather formal word; it is less formal, and more usual, to say that you don't like somebody/something, especially in spoken English: I don't like it when you phone me so late at night. used to emphasize that you really do not like somebody/something: I can't stand his brother. ◇ She couldn't stand being kept waiting. to dislike and have no respect for somebody/something: He despised himself for being so cowardly. used to say that you dislike something so much that you cannot accept or deal with it: I can't bear having cats in the house.In many cases you can use either word, but is slightly stronger and slightly more formal than .

 [n]~ a period of time that you spend working somewhere or doing a particular activity.

 先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見下：

中文翻譯：5.9 理智和推理藝術對于它們自身和自身的工作是一種自足的力量。它們是從一個屬于它們自己的第一原則起動的，它們開辟它們的道路直到那規定給它們的終點；這就是為什么這種活動被稱為正確活動的原因，這個詞表示它們是沿著正確的道路行進的。

5.10 這些事物決不應當被稱為是一個人的東西，它們不屬于一個作為人的人。它們不需要人，人的本性也不允諾產生它們，它們也不是人的本性達到其目的的手段。因而人的目的并不在這些事物之中，那有助于達到這一目的的東西也不在這些事物之中，幫助對準這一目的的東西就是那好的東西。此外，如果這些事情中有什么確屬于人，一個人輕視和反對它們就是不對的，那表現出他不想要這些事情的人也就不值得贊揚，如果這些事物的確是好的，那么不介入它們的人也就不是好的。但是現在，一個人使自己喪失這些事物或類似事物愈多，甚至他被剝奪這些事物，他倒愈能耐心地忍受這損失，并在同樣的程度上是一個更好的人。

回顧：《沉思錄》讀書筆記系列>>

 本書簡介：《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫給自己的書，內容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫成的。作品來自奧勒留對身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學派的一個里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書。本書原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》 作者簡介：馬可•奧勒留，著名的“帝王哲學家”，古羅馬帝國皇帝，在希臘文學和拉丁文學、修辭、哲學、法律、繪畫方面受過很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學家皇帝。他是一個比他的帝國更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。

卷五045.7 What kind of things those are which appear good to the many, we may learn even from this. For if any man should conceive certain things as being really good, such as prudence, temperance, justice, fortitude, he would not after having first conceived these endure to listen to anything which should not be in harmony with what is really good. But if a man has first conceived as good the things which appear to the many to be good, he will listen and readily receive as very applicable that which was said by the comic writer. Thus even the many perceive the difference. For were it not so, this saying would not offend and would not be rejected in the first case, while we receive it when it is said of wealth, and of the means which further luxury and fame, as said fitly and wittily. Go on then and ask if we should value and think those things to be good, to which after their first conception in the mind the words of the comic writer might be aptly applied- that he who has them, through pure abundance has not a place to ease himself in.

 Notes： [adj] sensible and careful when you make judgements and decisions; avoiding unnecessary risks

5.8 I am composed of the formal and the material; and neither of them will perish into non-existence, as neither of them came into existence out of non-existence. Every part of me then will be reduced by change into some part of the universe, and that again will change into another part of the universe, and so on for ever. And by consequence of such a change I too exist, and those who begot me, and so on for ever in the other direction. For nothing hinders us from saying so, even if the universe is administered according to definite periods of revolution.

 先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見下：

中文翻譯：5.7 我們甚至可以從這個問題學習－即那些在許多人看來是好的事物是一種什么樣的事物呢？因為，如果有人把諸如明智、節制、正義、堅定這樣一些事情視做真正好的，他在首先抱有這種認識之后就將不耐煩聽任何與真正好的東西相抵牾的事情。但如果一個人首先把那多數人認為好的東西理解為好的，那么他就可能把喜劇作家所說的東西作為真正適合的東西來傾聽并欣然接受。這樣，甚至多數人也覺出這差別。因為如果不是這樣，當我們聽到有關財富、有關促進奢侈和名聲的手段的巧妙和機智的說法時，就不會覺得刺耳也不會從一開始就加以拒絕了。那么，接著問問我們自己，你是否重視這些事物，是否認為它們是好的？是否在心里抱有對它們的既定看法之后喜劇作家的話還可以恰當地應用于它們－那占有它們的人，由于純粹的富足卻沒有辦法使自己得到安寧。

5.8 我是由形式和質料組成的，它們都不會消逝為非存在，正像它們都不可能由非存在變為存在一樣。那么我的每一部分就都將被變化帶回到宇宙的某一部分，并將再變為宇宙的另一部分，如此永遠生生不息。我也是通過這樣一種變化的結果而存在，那些生我的人也是，如此可以按另一方向永遠追溯下去。因為沒有什么使我不這樣說，即使宇宙是根據無數變革的時代所管理的。

回顧：《沉思錄》讀書筆記系列>>

 本書簡介：《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫給自己的書，內容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫成的。作品來自奧勒留對身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學派的一個里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書。本書原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》 作者簡介：馬可•奧勒留，著名的“帝王哲學家”，古羅馬帝國皇帝，在希臘文學和拉丁文學、修辭、哲學、法律、繪畫方面受過很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學家皇帝。他是一個比他的帝國更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。

卷五035.5 Things are in such a kind of envelopment that they have seemed to philosophers, not a few nor those common philosophers, altogether unintelligible; nay even to the Stoics themselves they seem difficult to understand. And all our assent is changeable; for where is the man who never changes? Carry thy thoughts then to the objects themselves, and consider how short-lived they are and worthless, and that they may be in the possession of a filthy wretch or a whore or a robber. Then turn to the morals of those who live with thee, and it is hardly possible to endure even the most agreeable of them, to say nothing of a man being hardly able to endure himself. In such darkness then and dirt and in so constant a flux both of substance and of time, and of motion and of things moved, what there is worth being highly prized or even an object of serious pursuit, I cannot imagine. But on the contrary it is a man's duty to comfort himself, and to wait for the natural dissolution and not to be vexed at the delay, but to rest in these principles only: the one, that nothing will happen to me which is not conformable to the nature of the universe; and the other, that it is in my power never to act contrary to my god and daemon: for there is no man who will compel me to this.

 Notes： [adj] 1. very dirty and unpleasant                2. very rude and offensive and usually connected with sex.                3. showing anger                4. cold and wet [n] 1. continuous movement and change            2. a flow; an act of flowing [v] to annoy or worry somebody

5.6 About what am I now employing my own soul? On every occasion I must ask myself this question, and inquire, what have I now in this part of me which they call the ruling principle? And whose soul have I now? That of a child, or of a young man, or of a feeble woman, or of a tyrant, or of a domestic animal, or of a wild beast?

 Notes： [n] a person who has complete power in a country and uses it in a cruel and unfair way

 先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見下：

中文翻譯：5.5 事物是在如此一種包圍之中，以致在哲學家們看來是完全不可解的，甚至對斯多亞派哲學家本身來說也是難于理解的。所有我們的同意都在變動不居之中，從不改變的人哪兒有呢？那么把你的思想帶到對象本身，考慮它們的存在是多么短促而無價值吧，它們可能是為一個卑鄙的可憐蟲，或一個娼妓、一個強盜所占有。然后再想想那些和你生活在一起的人們的道德水平，即使容忍他們中最令人愉悅的人也是幾乎不可能的，更不必說容忍一個幾乎不能容忍自己的人了。那么在如此的黑暗和骯臟中，在如此不斷流動的實體和時間、運動和被推動的物體的急流中，有什么值得高度贊揚甚或值得認真追求的對象呢？我想像不出有這樣的對象。反之，順應自身，等待自然的分解，為為延緩而煩惱，卻是一個人的義務，但僅僅使你在這些中得到安寧吧：一是對我發生的一切事情都是符合宇宙的本性的；二是決不違反我身外和身內的神而行動是在我的力量范圍之內，因為沒有人將迫使我違反。

5.6 我現在要把我自己的靈魂用于什么事情上呢？在任何場合我都必須問自己這個問題，我在我的這一被稱為支配原則的部分中擁有什么呢？我現在擁有誰的靈魂呢？是一個孩子的靈魂？抑或一個年青人、一個軟弱的婦人、一個暴君、一個家畜、一個野獸的靈魂？

回顧：《沉思錄》讀書筆記系列>>

 本書簡介：《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫給自己的書，內容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫成的。作品來自奧勒留對身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學派的一個里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書。本書原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》 作者簡介：馬可•奧勒留，著名的“帝王哲學家”，古羅馬帝國皇帝，在希臘文學和拉丁文學、修辭、哲學、法律、繪畫方面受過很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學家皇帝。他是一個比他的帝國更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。

卷五025.3 One man, when he has done a service to another, is ready to set it down to his account as a favour conferred. Another is not ready to do this, but still in his own mind he thinks of the man as his debtor, and he knows what he has done. A third in a manner does not even know what he has done, but he is like a vine which has produced grapes, and seeks for nothing more after it has once produced its proper fruit. As a horse when he has run, a dog when he has tracked the game, a bee when it has made the honey, so a man when he has done a good act, does not call out for others to come and see, but he goes on to another act, as a vine goes on to produce again the grapes in season.- Must a man then be one of these, who in a manner act thus without observing it?- Yes.- But this very thing is necessary, the observation of what a man is doing: for, it may be said, it is characteristic of the social animal to perceive that he is working in a social manner, and indeed to wish that his social partner also should perceive it.- It is true what thou sayest, but thou dost not rightly understand what is now said: and for this reason thou wilt become one of those of whom I spoke before, for even they are misled by a certain show of reason. But if thou wilt choose to understand the meaning of what is said, do not fear that for this reason thou wilt omit any social act.

5.4 Be not disgusted, nor discouraged, nor dissatisfied, if thou dost not succeed in doing everything according to right principles; but when thou bast failed, return back again, and be content if the greater part of what thou doest is consistent with man's nature, and love this to which thou returnest; and do not return to philosophy as if she were a master, but act like those who have sore eyes and apply a bit of sponge and egg, or as another applies a plaster, or drenching with water. For thus thou wilt not fail to obey reason, and thou wilt repose in it. And remember that philosophy requires only the things which thy nature requires; but thou wouldst have something else which is not according to nature.- It may be objected, Why what is more agreeable than this which I am doing?- But is not this the very reason why pleasure deceives us? And consider if magnanimity, freedom, simplicity, equanimity, piety, are not more agreeable. For what is more agreeable than wisdom itself, when thou thinkest of the security and the happy course of all things which depend on the faculty of understanding and knowledge?

 Notes：drench [v][often passive] ~sb/sth We were caught in the storm and got drenched to the skin. 

 先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見下：

中文翻譯：5.3 有一個人，當他為另一個人做了一件好事，就準備把它作為一種施惠記到他的賬上，還有一個人不準備這樣做，但還是在心里把這個人看做是他的受惠者，而且他記著他做了的事情。第三個人在某種程度上甚至不知道他所做的，他就像一株生產葡萄的葡萄藤一樣，在它一旦結出它應有的果實以后就不尋求更多的東西。一匹馬在它奔跑時，一只狗在它追獵過，一只蜜蜂在它釀造蜜以后也是這樣，所以一個人在他做了一件好事之后，也不應要求別人來看，而是繼續做另一件好事，正像一株葡萄藤在下一個季節繼續結果一樣。－那么一個人必須以某種方式如此行動且不注意它嗎？－是的。－但這也是必要的，即觀察一個人正在做的事情。因為，可以說，察知他正以一種有益社會的方式工作，并的確希望他的社會同伴也察知它是社會動物特征。－你說得對，但你并沒有理解現在所說的：因此你將成為我前面說過的那些人中的一個，因為甚至他們也因理性的某種展示而誤入歧途。但如果你愿意理解現在所說的話的意義，就不要害怕你將因此忽略任何有益社會的行為。

5.4 如果你根據正確的原則沒有做成一切事時，不要厭惡，不要沮喪，也不要不滿；而是在你失敗時又再回去從頭做起，只要你所做的較大部分事情符合于人的本性，就滿足了，熱愛你所回到的家園，但不要回到哲學仿佛她是一個主人，而是行動得仿佛那些眼疼的人用一點海綿和蛋清，或者像另一個人用一塊膏藥，或用水浸洗一樣。因為這樣你將不在遵守理性方面失敗，你將在它那里得到安寧。記住，哲學僅要求你的本性所要求的事情，而你卻有那不符合本性的別的什么東西。－你可能反對說，為什么那件事比你正做的這件事更使人愉悅呢？－但這不正是因為快樂在欺騙我們嗎？再考慮是否慷慨、自由、樸素、鎮靜、虔誠不更令人愉悅。當你想到那依賴于理解和認識能力的一切事物的有保障和幸福的過程，有什么比智慧本身更令人愉悅呢？

回顧：《沉思錄》讀書筆記系列>>