2012考研英語一真題答案完整版

完形填空

1. B．maintain

2. A．when

3. B. weakened

4. D. accepted

5. C. bound

6. B. subject

7. D. applies

8. B. raise

9. A. line

10. B. as

11. A. so

12. C. upset

13. C. cultivate

14. D. tied

15. A. concepts

16. C. shapes

17. A. dismissed

18. C. address

19. D. accountable

20. D. as a result

閱讀理解

Text 1

21. D a cause of undesirable behaviors

22. B learn from advertisers’experience

23. A adequately probe social and biological factors

24. C occurs without our realizing it

25. Dquestionable

Text 2

26. C dishonoring.

27. A obtain protection from Vermont regulators.

28. A managerial practices.

29. B the mature of states’ patchwork regulations.

30. B the authority of the NRC will be defied.

Text 3

31. A uncertainty and complexity.

32. A strict inspection.

33. B has been examined by the scientific community.

34. D scientific work calls for a critical mind.

35. D Challenge to Credibility at the Gate to Science.

Text 4

36. C unions have enlarged their public-sector membership.

37. D Public-sector unions seldom get in trouble for their actions.

38. B indirectly augmented.

. C may be a barrier to public-sector reforms.

40. A disapproval.

Part B

41. C Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day.

42. D This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading - between passive consumption and active creation - whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.

43. A Of course, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but failing to move beyond downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity.

44. F One reason for the persistence of this pyramid of production is that for the past half-century, much of the world's media culture has been defined by a single medium - television - and television is defined by downloading.

45. G The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to reverse the flow, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly, meaningful uploading.

翻譯

46. 在物理學領域，有一種方法將這種“萬物歸一的沖動”推向了極致，它試圖探尋到能解釋一切的，最底層的公式。

47. 在這一點上，達爾文學說似乎給人們提供了準則， 如果所有人種同宗同源，那么 “文化多樣性也能追溯到更為單一的源頭”的假定也就不無道理了。

48. 將偶發的和獨特的從這些共性中篩除掉能夠讓我們了解文化行為的復雜起源以及是什么在發展中或認知過程中指導我們。

49. 第二，喬舒亞·格林貝格采用了一個更加經驗主義的方法來解釋普遍性；他認為許多語言都共有特性，；這些特性被認為代表了由認知限制所帶來的偏見；

50. 喬姆斯基的語法應該表現了語言改變的模式，該模式是獨立于家譜也獨立于貫穿家譜的路徑，而格林伯根的統一性理論則預言了不同種語序關系之間的強烈的相互依存性。

寫作

小作文

Dear friends,

On behalf of the Students’ Union, I am writing to extend my warm welcome to all the international students that are coming to our university. I firmly believe that your entering our university will bring us new ideas from different cultures and promote communication.                                                         

Also, we have some suggestions before you come to our university. As you all know, we have a great much free time in college and the teachers don’t oversee us strictly. Therefore, it is recommended that you can arrange your time properly and avoid being indulged in computer games, etc. Moreover, in order to make yourselves quickly adjusted to our campus life, it would be of great help if you can learn Chinese as well as you can. Last but not the least, it is necessary to take part in some activities so that you can improve your communication abilities and expand horizon.

We are looking forward to seeing you soon and wish everything goes well.

Yours sincerely

Li Ming 

大作文

As is shown in the picture above, two men react in completely opposite ways when faced with the same event: A bottle fell off on the ground, and the wine inside spilt out. One is smiling, feeling glad that he still has the rest half of the wine while the other is sighing in great desperation saying that “everything screwed up!”

The cartoon tells us that being optimistic and being pessimistic are two different attitudes towards life. Faced with a challenge, a pessimistic person may feel gloomy and distressed. He considers himself powerless, and complains about it all day long, refusing even to have a try before giving it up in the end. An optimistic person, however, may adopt an entirely different approach. He may not regard the challenge as something that bad; instead, he takes it as an excellent opportunity to display his abilities and talent. As an old saying goes, “The way you perceive the world will determine your way to cope with it.”

In my point of view, though it is natural that we encounter challenges of one kind or another in our life, we should be optimistic whenever we are confronted with challenges. If we are pessimistic, we are destined to fail, ending up accomplishing nothing. But if we approach the challenges in an optimistic way, we may go from victory to victory.

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